A Causal Auditing Paradigm for Sub-health Diagnosis of Offshore Wind Assets via Multi-terminal Harmonic Fingerprinting
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#multi-terminal-harmonic-fingerprinting-platform-clark-paradigm"></a></p>
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<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Project Identity:</strong> Shinar of Clark<br><strong>Author:</strong> Yi Zeng<br><strong>Framework:</strong> Causal Auditing for Offshore Wind Sub-health Diagnosis<br><strong>📄 Manuscript PDF:</strong> <a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/A%20Causal%20Auditing%20Paradigm%20for%20Sub-health%20Diagnosis%20of%20Offshore%20Wind%20Assets%20via%20Multi-terminal%20Harmonic%20Fingerprinting.pdf" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Read the Full Paper Here</a><br><strong>DOI:</strong> <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20149720" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20149720</a><br>github:<a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative</a><br>Email:Clark@ShinarOfClark.com<a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20149720"></a></p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size">📖 Introduction</h2>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#-introduction"></a></p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This repository implements the sub-health diagnostic framework for offshore wind assets under the <strong>“Clark Paradigm”</strong>.</p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Unlike traditional black-box prediction models, this project establishes an <strong>“Electromagnetic Ledger”</strong> system. By conducting a real-time audit of the <strong>1st-20th order harmonic fingerprints</strong> across the generator, converter, tower-base switchgear, and remote collector cables, it achieves a paradigm shift from “stochastic state prediction” to “deterministic causal auditing”.</p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Core Philosophy:</strong> Anomaly = Physical Reality – Causal Expectation (<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>P</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>y</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mtext> </mtext><mi>R</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>y</mi><mo>−</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>s</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>l</mi><mtext> </mtext><mi>E</mi><mi>x</mi><mi>p</mi><mi>e</mi><mi>c</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>t</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>n</mi></math>).</p>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size">📁 Repository Structure</h2>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#-repository-structure"></a></p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">To ensure the transparency and reproducibility of our research, the supporting materials for this paper are organized as follows:</p>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><code>figures/</code>: Contains all high-resolution figures, architectural diagrams, and result charts presented in the manuscript.</li>
<li><code>data/</code>: Contains the corresponding datasets (raw and processed) used to generate each figure. Researchers can use this data to independently verify the causal auditing results.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size">🛠️ Technical Architecture</h2>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#%EF%B8%8F-technical-architecture"></a></p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This platform adopts a distributed hardware topology, decoupling the perception layer from the audit layer:</p>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Perception Layer (Field Layer):</strong> MCU nodes deployed inside the turbine and at the substation inlet execute high-frequency sampling at <strong>10.24 kHz</strong> and local FFT extraction.</li>
<li><strong>Audit Layer:</strong> Edge hosts perform feature decoupling and causal mapping via a <strong>Recursive Least Squares (RLS)</strong> engine and <strong>Multi-Head Attention</strong> mechanisms.</li>
</ul>
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size">🚀 Key Features</h2>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#-key-features"></a></p>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><strong>Causal Auditing Engine:</strong> Utilizes the RLS operator to dynamically track the dielectric drift of assets, superseding simple threshold-based alarms.</li>
<li><strong>Frequency-Selective Sovereignty:</strong>
<ul class="wp-block-list">
<li><code>5th/7th Harmonics</code>: Locks onto the health state of core power devices within full-scale converters. Precisely captures switching characteristic degradation induced by IGBT junction temperature elevation, dead-time drift, or gate drive delays, while also serving as an early diagnostic indicator for the capacitance decay of AC/DC-side filtering capacitors.</li>
<li><code>11th/13th Harmonics</code>: Probes the impedance evolution trajectory of long-distance subsea collection cables. Deeply analyzes distributed capacitance/inductance drift and high-frequency resonance point shifts triggered by “Water Treeing”, microscopic insulation dampness, and physical strain of cables caused by subsea currents.</li>
<li><code>17th+ Harmonics</code>: Captures feature shifts induced by transformer winding mechanical loosening or magnetic circuit saturation. Furthermore, prolonged spectral imbalance in this range imposes cumulative dielectric stress, serving as a latent indicator for potential partial discharge (PD) activities (while limited by frequency range to capture transient PD pulses directly, it serves as a lateral reflection of insulation aging trends).</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><strong>Ultra-low Latency:</strong> The single-iteration computation time for the 21-dimensional causal vector is <strong>< 5ms</strong>, fully meeting the real-time requirements of 50Hz power infrastructure.</li>
<li><strong>Game Theory Decision Optimization:</strong> Introduces a <strong>Nash Equilibrium model</strong> to balance generation revenue, failure risks, and O&M costs, maximizing residual asset value.</li>
</ul>
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<h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size">📊 Performance</h2>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#-performance"></a></p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Under extreme aerodynamic turbulence (e.g., sudden wind speed shifts), the error of traditional LSTM models may surge to 25%. In contrast, this framework, through rapid self-calibration, strictly restricts the audit residual <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">Δ</mi></math> to within <strong>5%</strong>.</p>
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size">📚 Citation</h2>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#-citation"></a></p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">If you utilize the concepts or content of this project in your research, please cite our preprint paper:</p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>APA Format:</strong></p>
<blockquote class="wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow">
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Zeng, Y. (2026). A Causal Auditing Paradigm for Sub-health Diagnosis of Offshore Wind Assets via Multi-terminal Harmonic Fingerprinting (V1.0.0). Zenodo. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20149720" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20149720</a></p>
</blockquote>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>BibTeX:</strong></p>
<pre class="wp-block-preformatted">@article{zeng2026clark,
title={A Causal Auditing Paradigm for Sub-health Diagnosis of Offshore Wind Assets via Multi-terminal Harmonic Fingerprinting (V1.0.0)},
author={Yi Zeng},
year={2026},
journal={Zenodo},
doi={10.5281/zenodo.20149720}
}</pre>
<hr class="wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity"/>
<h2 class="wp-block-heading has-large-font-size">🛡️ License</h2>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><a href="https://github.com/Shinar-of-Clark/Clark-Paradigm-Initiative/blob/main/papers/paper-1-causal-mapping/README.md#%EF%B8%8F-license"></a></p>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This project is licensed under the <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode" target="_blank" rel="noreferrer noopener">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0)</a> License.</p>
<figure class="wp-block-image"><a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/"><img src="https://camo.githubusercontent.com/59896db2b47e60cf6b6cdd3af4bc9ec3e8d290389a9d3ce7cdb95a955e9d0923/68747470733a2f2f696d672e736869656c64732e696f2f62616467652f4c6963656e73652d43432532304259253230342e302d6c69676874677265792e737667" alt="License: CC BY 4.0"/></a></figure>
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Rights Statement:</strong> You are free to share and adapt this work, provided that you give appropriate credit to the author <strong>Yi Zeng (Project Shinar of Clark)</strong> and indicate if changes were made.</p>
</blockquote>
This repository implements the sub-health diagnostic framework for offshore wind assets under the “Clark Paradigm”.
Unlike traditional black-box prediction models, this project establishes an “Electromagnetic Ledger” system. By conducting a real-time audit of the 1st-20th order harmonic fingerprints across the generator, converter, tower-base switchgear, and remote collector cables, it achieves a paradigm shift from “stochastic state prediction” to “deterministic causal auditing”.
To ensure the transparency and reproducibility of our research, the supporting materials for this paper are organized as follows:
figures/: Contains all high-resolution figures, architectural diagrams, and result charts presented in the manuscript.
data/: Contains the corresponding datasets (raw and processed) used to generate each figure. Researchers can use this data to independently verify the causal auditing results.
🛠️ Technical Architecture
This platform adopts a distributed hardware topology, decoupling the perception layer from the audit layer:
Perception Layer (Field Layer): MCU nodes deployed inside the turbine and at the substation inlet execute high-frequency sampling at 10.24 kHz and local FFT extraction.
Audit Layer: Edge hosts perform feature decoupling and causal mapping via a Recursive Least Squares (RLS) engine and Multi-Head Attention mechanisms.
🚀 Key Features
Causal Auditing Engine: Utilizes the RLS operator to dynamically track the dielectric drift of assets, superseding simple threshold-based alarms.
Frequency-Selective Sovereignty:
5th/7th Harmonics: Locks onto the health state of core power devices within full-scale converters. Precisely captures switching characteristic degradation induced by IGBT junction temperature elevation, dead-time drift, or gate drive delays, while also serving as an early diagnostic indicator for the capacitance decay of AC/DC-side filtering capacitors.
11th/13th Harmonics: Probes the impedance evolution trajectory of long-distance subsea collection cables. Deeply analyzes distributed capacitance/inductance drift and high-frequency resonance point shifts triggered by “Water Treeing”, microscopic insulation dampness, and physical strain of cables caused by subsea currents.
17th+ Harmonics: Captures feature shifts induced by transformer winding mechanical loosening or magnetic circuit saturation. Furthermore, prolonged spectral imbalance in this range imposes cumulative dielectric stress, serving as a latent indicator for potential partial discharge (PD) activities (while limited by frequency range to capture transient PD pulses directly, it serves as a lateral reflection of insulation aging trends).
Ultra-low Latency: The single-iteration computation time for the 21-dimensional causal vector is < 5ms, fully meeting the real-time requirements of 50Hz power infrastructure.
Game Theory Decision Optimization: Introduces a Nash Equilibrium model to balance generation revenue, failure risks, and O&M costs, maximizing residual asset value.
📊 Performance
Under extreme aerodynamic turbulence (e.g., sudden wind speed shifts), the error of traditional LSTM models may surge to 25%. In contrast, this framework, through rapid self-calibration, strictly restricts the audit residual to within 5%.
📚 Citation
If you utilize the concepts or content of this project in your research, please cite our preprint paper:
APA Format:
Zeng, Y. (2026). A Causal Auditing Paradigm for Sub-health Diagnosis of Offshore Wind Assets via Multi-terminal Harmonic Fingerprinting (V1.0.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20149720
BibTeX:
@article{zeng2026clark,
title={A Causal Auditing Paradigm for Sub-health Diagnosis of Offshore Wind Assets via Multi-terminal Harmonic Fingerprinting (V1.0.0)},
author={Yi Zeng},
year={2026},
journal={Zenodo},
doi={10.5281/zenodo.20149720}
}
Rights Statement: You are free to share and adapt this work, provided that you give appropriate credit to the author Yi Zeng (Project Shinar of Clark) and indicate if changes were made.